ABSTRACT
Background: An abnormality in pulse amplitude and frequency of gonadotropin releasing hormone [GnRH] secretion is the most characteristics of polycystic ovarian syndrome [PCOS]. On the other hand, arginine-phenylalanine-amide [RFamide]-related peptide-3 [RFRP3] inhibits the secretion of GnRH in mammalian hypothalamus. The current study performed in order to investigate the expression of RFRP3 mRNA in the dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus [DMH] after the induction of PCOS in a rat model of constant light exposure, and the possible role of parity on occurrence of PCOS
Materials and Methods: In the experimental study, female nulliparous [n=12] and primiparous [n=12] rats were randomly subdivided into control and PCOS subgroups [n=6]. PCOS were induced by 90 days exposure to constant light. After 90 days, blood, brain, and ovaries were sampled. Serum levels of follicle stimulating hormone [FSH], luteinizing hormone [LH], and testosterone were evaluated. In addition, six adult female ovariectomized rats as a control of real-time polymerase chain reaction [PCR] tests were prepared and in the DMH of all rats, the relative mRNA expression of RFRP3 was assessed
Results: Histological evaluation of ovaries represented the polycystic features. In addition, serum concentrations of testosterone in the PCOS subgroups were more than the controls [P<0.05]. Furthermore, the relative expression of RFRP3 mRNA in PCOS subgroups was lower than the controls [P<0.05]
Conclusion: Constant light model of the PCOS-induced rats decreased the gene expression of RFRP3 in the DMH that suggests the decrease of RFRP3 may reduce its inhibitory effect on GnRH during the PCOS pathogenesis. This effect was stronger in the nulliparous rats than the primiparous
ABSTRACT
Background: Endometrial mesenchymal stem stromal cells [EnMSCs] are critical for uterine function, repair, and regeneration
Objective: This study introduced isolation technique of EnMSCs and compared the characteristics of EnMSCs in mature and immature ewes
Materials and Methods: Endometrial tissue samples from the uterus of 10 ewes were collected from the slaughterhouse. Endometrial cells were isolated from tissue using cold incubation and then chopping and treating was performed with collagenase type I. Isolated cells were cultured in cell culture medium and then attached cells to flasks were harvested as EnMSCs and subcultured. To enumerate the cells, the population doubling time [PDT] was determined and 2.2×104 cells in passage 4 were seeded into 24-well culture plates to compare the growth curves of isolated cells. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction [RT-PCR] was performed for detection of CD34 and CD73 markers. The osteogenic and adipogenic potential of isolated cells were determined using differentiation tests
Results: EnMSCs adhered to the flasks and displayed spindle-shape. Based on findings of the cell count and the growth curves, the EnMSCs growth was significantly more prominent in immature ewes in comparison to mature sheep. The PDT of EnMSCs in immature ewes was about 21 hr whereas this time period was two times higher [45 hr] in mature sheep. RT-PCR analyses of EnMSCs were positive for CD73 and negative for CD34. EnMSCs were differentiated into osteoblasts and adipocytes
Conclusion: Based on mesenchymal stem cells characters confirmed in EnMSCs, they can be a candidate for cell therapy and regenerative medicine
ABSTRACT
Background: Uterine synechiae or Asherman's syndrome is a condition that can cause infertility. The present experimental study was designed to establish the rabbit as an animal model for human Asherman's syndrome using the endometrial curettage
Methods: In an experimental study, female adult rabbits [n=18] were randomly divided into intact and ovariectomized groups. One third of caudal part of both uteri was submitted to traumatic endometrial curettage. One group was simultaneously ovariectomized. The intact rabbits were artificially induced ovulation during 10 days after surgery. One third of cranial part of both uteri was selected as the control. Synechiae occurring, luminal area/total area [LA/TA], endometrial area/total area [EA/TA], myometrial and perimetrial area/total area [MPA/TA], endometrial area/uterine wall area [EA/UWA], and myometrial and perimetrial area/uterine wall area [MPA/UWA] ratios of both uteri in six subdivided groups [n=6] were analysed in curetted and intact control parts. On days 15, 30 and 45 following surgery by two-way ANOVA and LSD test [p<0.05]
Results: Histopathologic findings showed significant epithelial damage together with significant inflammatory reaction in the intact curettage group. The LA/TA ratios of the intact curettage group on days 15 and 45 were more than the intact control group on day 15. The EA/TA ratio of the intact curettage group on day 30 was less than the intact control group on day 30
Conclusion: Uterine fibrosis was observed in intact curettage group, and this modified animal model showed a pathogenesis condition similar to intrauterine adhesions observed in human
Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits , Models, Animal , Curettage , Uterus , FibrosisABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) have potential of differentiation and they secrete anti-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors which make them appropriate for cell therapy. AIM OF THE WORK: Were to evaluate the healing effect of BM-MSCs transplantation on germinal cells of busulfan-induced azoospermic hamsters. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In the present experimental case control study, BM-MSCs were isolated from bone marrow of donor albino hamsters. Five mature male recipient hamsters received two doses of 10 mg/kg of busulfan with 21 days interval to stop endogenous spermatogenesis. After induction of azoospermia, right testis of hamsters was injected with 106 BM-MSCs via efferent duct and the left one remained as azoospermia control testis. Five normal mature hamsters were selected as normal intact control. After 35 days, testes and epididymis of three groups were removed for histological evaluation. RESULTS: Histomorphological analyses of BM-MSCs treated testes and epididymis showed the epithelial tissue of seminiferous tubules had normal morphology and spermatozoa were present in epididymis tubes. Spermatogenesis was observed in most cell-treated seminiferous tubules. The untreated seminiferous tubules were empty. CONCLUSION: Transplanted BM-MSCs could successfully induce spermatogenesis in seminiferous tubules of azoospermic hamster. Therefore, BM-MSCs can be an attractive candidate in cell transplantation of azoospermia.
Subject(s)
Animals , Cricetinae , Humans , Male , Azoospermia , Bone Marrow , Busulfan , Case-Control Studies , Cell Transplantation , Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy , Cytokines , Epididymis , Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins , Mesenchymal Stem Cells , Seminiferous Tubules , Spermatogenesis , Spermatozoa , Testis , Tissue Donors , TransplantsABSTRACT
RFamide-related peptide-3 [RFRP-3] and kisspeptin [KiSS-1] are known to respectively inhibit and stimulate gonadotropin releasing hormone [GnRH] and luteinizing hormone [LH] secretion in rat. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relative mRNA expression of RFRP-3 and KiSS-1 in the hypothalamus of pregnant rats. In a randomized controlled experimental study, the exact pregnancy day of 18 Sprague-Dawley rats were confirmed using the vaginal smear method and were equally assigned to three groups of days 7, 14 and 21 of pregnancy. Four non-pregnant female rats were ovariectomized and assigned as the control group. All rats were decapitated, and the dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus [DMH] and the arcuate nucleus [ARC] for detection of KiSS-1 mRNA were separated from their hypothalamus to detect RFRP-3 and KiSS-1 mRNA respectively. Then, their relative expressions were compared between control and pregnant groups using real-time polymerase chain reaction [PCR]. The relative expression of RFRP-3 mRNA in DMH did not change significantly during pregnancy [p>0.01]. However, the relative expression of KiSS-1 mRNA in ARC was at its highest in day 7 of pregnancy and decreased until day 21 of pregnancy [p<0.01]. Decrease in GnRH and LH secretion during the pregnancy of rat may be controlled by constant expression of RFRP-3 mRNA and reduced expression of KiSS-1 mRNA in hypothalamus